However the problem occurs when the person purchasing at the shampoo at supermarket becomes a reseller and offers it with a small discount to the elite buyer. This kind of price discrimination is common but it can become illegal if it violates the pricing laws of the country in which discrimination occurred (Ferrell et al. p. 288). It is also illegal if segmentation is not possible in the market where discrimination occurred or if the cost of exporting was higher than the price of the product in a foreign location. Sometimes a manufacturer would sell its products at a higher rate in his country while offer them at a lower price in foreign markets. This kind of practice is called dumping but it creates ethical issues because some buyers are paying a higher price for the same product. ANSWER 8:

Bribery is a common practice and is often known as facilitation payment which means that a government official or some authority figure is given a certain token fee to nudge them to do their job a little faster. But in the U.S., this kind of payment is unacceptable because it gives the party an unfair advantage over others who may have also be pushing the same official to get their work done. In the U.S., the Foreign Corrupt Practice Act was implemented to prohibit facilitation payments to foreign officials in order to get some favors in return. However later the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness...

This is because American trade deficit was increasing and was turning into a huge problem for the country. It was then believed that any measure taken to improve export condition would be encouraged and that made FCPA less threatening (Ferrell et al. p 68).
Bribery can be stopped with the development of a culture that actively discourages any form of gifts, favors or payments to its officials and keeps a close tab on how deals are finalized and how business is done on a daily basis.

References

Malone, D. 2002. Well-blown whistle -- the story of Kim Emigh's allegations helped lift the lid on WorldCom. Fort Worth Weekly (5 September).

Vicki D. Lachman, Whistleblowing: Role of Organizational Culture in Prevention and Management

Wayne H. Decker, Thomas J. Calo. Observers' Impressions of Unethical Persons and Whistleblowers. Journal of Business Ethics, 309-318, Springer, 12/2007

O.C. Ferrell, John Fraedrich, Linda Ferrell. 2009 Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making and Cases. South-Western College Pub;

Near, J.P., & Miceli, M.P. (1996). Whistle-blowing: Myth and reality. Journal of Management 22(3), 507-526

Peterson R, O.C. Ferrell. Business Ethics: New Challenges for Business Schools and Corporate Leaders. M. E, Sharpe